In the didactic and allegorical novella, A Christmas Carol, the theme of redemption is presented through the character of Scrooge, who transforms from a cold-hearted miser into a kind and generous philanthropist. Dickens uses Scrooge's transformation to promote kindness, generosity, and social responsibility as a means to personal and societal redemption. Initially, Scrooge is presented as an epitome of greed and moral decay. Through the semantic field of avarice, such as "squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching," Dickens uses a powerful list of verbs to bombard the reader with Scrooge's traits. This asyndetic list and the description feed relentless and endless misery. Scrooge's greed is the main reason for his old sinner. The word "covetous" links to the seven deadly sins, showing Scrooge is not a pious man, only obsessed with worldly concerns. The phrase "old sinner" has religious connotations, linking Scrooge with sin and spiritual decay, preparing the reader for the idea of his redemption. His vindictive and malevolent attitude is further presented in the rhetorical question, "Are there no prisons?" The word 'prisons' carries harsh dehumanizing connotations, as Dickens presents society's unfair treatment on the poor. This moment reveals Scrooge as a symbol of capitalist cruelty, valuing systems over people. Contextually, this links to the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act, forcing the poor to work in workhouses. Dickens criticizes the apathetic upper class, and wants to shock readers so they recognize how damaging and selfishness capitalism can be. However, as the novella progresses Scrooge begins to reflect on his actions and their consequences. During his visit from the Ghost of Christmas Past, he is exposed with painful memories where he is described as a "solitary child neglected by his friends," which could result of Scrooge's coldness of him not receiving love and compassion in his early life. The emotive language of the word 'solitary' has connotations of deep loneliness and isolation. The word 'neglected' implies past cruelty, suggesting he wasn't bullied or bullied but forgotten, resulting in his cold nature. Perhaps this could dictate John Locke's theory that man was born on a blank slate. This is known as Tabula Rasa, which argues that people are neither born good or bad and are shaped entirely by their experiences and environment. Dickens subtly echoes this idea by showing Scrooge bitterness is a result of trauma and emotional neglect. The Ghost of Christmas Past further reinforces this theme through the quote, "This boy is Ignorance. This girl is Want." Dickens uses allegory to personify society's greatest dangers as they represent consequences of social neglect. The capital letters give them power and identity—they are real and urgent. In Victorian England many children lived in poverty. Dickens uses Scrooge's transformation to suggest people can be reshaped and help with these ongoing problems. Ultimately, Scrooge is completely transformed and is described from being as solitary as an oyster to "as good a friend, as good a master and as good a man," embracing generosity and joy. The phrase "as good a" forms a tricolon that emphasises his positive change across all areas of life. Each role—friend, master, man—reflect different aspects of his redemption. Perhaps, it also contrasts with the quote, "squeezing, wrenching... old sinner," showing redemption is possible at any stage in life. This reinforces Locke's Tabula Rasa, as Scrooge's new experiences have helped to reform his character. Dickens wanted his readers to believe redemption was possible not just for individuals but society as a whole. The fact that it was published at Christmas time broadens his message that we as a society can still change for the greater good.