Charles Dickens wrote his novella 'A Christmas carol' in 1843 as an allegory to raise awarness about social injustice based on economical class. These were the harsh side effects of events like the industrial revolution, the poor laws of 1834 and Malthus. Dickens explores the message that can be given through foil characters. One way Dickens creates a divide is through difference in description of Scrooge and Bob Cratchit. Scrooge is described as a "sqeezing, wrenching ... covetous old sinner." Even though the adjectives used to describe scrooge aren't positive, it still shows that he is a rich man with a well known status, par that it isn't a good one. However, Bob is clearly listed as a "clerk". The use of minimalist description is dehumanising to Bob as it infers that Bob is only an instrument of productivity who serves a job but holds minimal purpose. This is evident as Bob was intended to be a microcosm for the whole working class during the Victorian England. This means that the working class were seen as insignificant and only tools for business. The overall minimalistic approach to Bob's description creates a divide in socioeconomic class between Scrooge and Bob. Dickens presents social injustice between Scrooge and his nephew Fred. Dickens uses a rhetorical question to show difference in beliefs and opinions in each class of Victorian Britain. Scrooge asks "what reason do you have to be merry? You're poor enough." The use of the short sentence 'You're poor enough' indicates that Scrooge believes that someone can only be happy if they are financially ahead. This is opposite to what Fred believes which is that happiness comes from experiences which friends and loved ones. This difference in opinion is evident as Dickens intended for Fred to be a foil character of Scrooge. Dickens could have done this for two reasons. One would be to show that Scrooge's personality was specific to him and his experiences and not desendent from the family. Another reason could be to show the clear socioeconomic divide during the industrial revolution. Rich people believed that wealth equalled happiness but the lower class believed that cherishing moments with loved ones was. Dickens uses rhetorical questions and presents the interaction between foil characters to outline the socioeconomic divide of the mid 1800s. Dickens presents social injustice when Scrooge meets with the charity workers. Scrooge confidently explained that he would rather "decrease the surplus population" than try to help the poor and solve their problems. The use of the phrase 'surplus population' proves to us as a reader that Scrooge believes that a growing population is a greater problem than a poverty crisis in Britain. These views align with Malthus, a person who believed that it was not worth trying to save people from poverty and it was more useful to society if they had died. Since Scrooge and Malthus were in the upper class, a reader would lead to the conclusion that the rich had similar views at the time which creates a huge division between classes as views are directly linked to class and social position. Dickens also implies that the poor were seen as idle nuisances who tried to cheat their way to economic stability. Scrooge believed that the poor people with no home should go to prison as he asked "Are there no prisons? And the union workhouses." The use of a question creates hyperbole as Scrooge thinks that poor people are as equal as criminals and they should be in prisons or workhouses for the rest of their lives. This highlights Scrooge's misanthropic views which were common in the upper classes of Victorian England. This showed that Scrooge was unscrupulous and also apathetic to the poor's situation. the poor laws of 1834 further expands on the idea that the poor were criminals. The poor laws stated that the poor were idle and worthless because of this. This creates a social divide as the rich have a universal negative opinion of all the people suffering from poverty. Overall, Dickens created his novella 'A Christmas Carol' mainly to highlight social and economic injustices throughout the whole of British society and especially criticised the apathetic rich for disregarding the poors' problems and not even trying to solve the issues of poverty in society.